What are the different types of cooling tower?
There are three main types of cooling towers that are defined by how water or air pass through them. These types include crossflow, counterflow, and hyperbolic. There are also two varieties classified solely on airflow, known as induced draft and passive draft cooling towers.
What is decking in cooling tower?
Fill or deck , is a medium used in cooling towers to increase the wetted surface area of the tower. Increased wetted surface area allows for maximum contact between the air and the water, which allows for greater evaporation rates.
What are two types of design of a cooling tower?
Types of Cooling Tower There are two types of natural draught cooling tower, rectangular timber tower and reinforced concrete hyperbolic tower. 2) Mechanical or Forced Draught Cooling Tower: In this type of cooling tower, fan is used to circulate the air.
What is natural draft cooling tower?
The natural draft cooling tower is an open, direct-contact system. It works using a heat exchanger, allowing hot water from the system to be cooled through direct contact with fresh air. The warmer, moister air moves to the top of the tower, while the cold water is collected at the bottom.
What is the difference between natural and mechanical draft?
Natural draft cooling towers allow for air circulation through natural convection, pushing hot air out and cool air in. Mechanical draft cooling towers, on the other hand, functions in a similar way but deploys fans and other equipment to circulate air.
What is the difference between forced draft and induced draft cooling tower?
Induced draft implies an inlet fan placed on top of the cooling tower and the creation of low pressure. Forced draft means an exhaust fan placed at the base of the cooling tower which then causes overpressure.
How tall is a nuclear cooling tower?
Cooling towers vary in size from small roof-top units to very large hyperboloid structures (as in the adjacent image) that can be up to 200 metres (660 ft) tall and 100 metres (330 ft) in diameter, or rectangular structures that can be over 40 metres (130 ft) tall and 80 metres (260 ft) long.
Which phenomenon is used to cool water in a cooling tower evaporation?
Which of the following phenomenon is used to cool water in a cooling tower? Explanation: In a cooling tower, hot water is allowed to fall drop by drop and air is constrained to move in the opposite direction. This results in some part of water getting evaporated. Due to this the rest of the water is cooled.
What is the difference between natural and forced draft cooling tower?
Cooling water towers are described by the type and pattern of air flow. Natural draft towers rely on a “chimney effect” to obtain circulation of the air through the water. Mechanical draft towers use fans to move the air and are subdivided into forced-draft or induced draft towers.
How does a natural draft work?
Natural Draft is thermal draft. It occurs when heated gases expand. A given volume of hot gas will weigh less than an equal volume of the same gas at a cool temperature. Since hot combustion gases weigh less per volume than room air or outdoor air, they tend to rise.
What is the difference between draft and pressure?
The difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure existing in the furnace or flue gas passage of a boiler is termed as draft. Draft can also be referred to as the difference in pressure in the combustion chamber area which results in the motion of the flue gases and the air flow.
Do cooling towers pollute?
Yet despite the familiarity we have with them, knowledge about what a cooling tower actually does remains limited. A common misconception is that they release pollution. In fact, what they actually release is water vapour – similar to, but nowhere near as hot, as the steam coming out of your kettle every morning.
What is a splash deck cooling tower?
2. Splash deck type natural draft type cooling tower The whole system is located inside a housed box-shaped structure which are contains spray headers, spray nozzles, and louvers. The louvers (usually made of steel) are placed on the sides to enhance natural circulation of air inside the cooling tower.
How does a natural draft cooling tower work?
Natural Draft Cooling Tower As the name indicates, the air is circulated inside the cooling tower by natural convection. 2. Natural draft cooling towers splash deck type. The entire system is housed inside a box-shaped structure which also accommodates spray headers, spray nozzles, and louvers.
What type of fan is used in a cooling tower?
Common fans used in these towers include propeller fans and centrifugal fans. Mechanical draft towers are more effective than natural draft towers, and can even be located inside a building with the proper exhaust system. However, they consume more power than natural draft cooling towers and cost more to operate as a result.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of mechanical draft cooling towers?
Advantages of mechanical draft cooling towers over natural draft cooling towers: For the same capacity used, the mechanical draft cooling towers are much smaller than the natural draft cooling towers. This is because of the increase in cooling capacity due to increase in volume of the air being forced out by fan.
