What transfers the energy stored in organic compounds?
photosynthesis
Cells of most organisms, your cells transfer the energy in organic compounds, especially the glucose made during photosynthesis, to ATP through cellular respiration, which begins with glycolysis.
How is ATP produced in chloroplasts?
In an intact chloroplast with thylakoid membranes, ATP is generated by an electron flow along the cytochrome transport system. Since the electrons are being transported to other “carrier” molecules, their energy is used to generate ATP and no reddish glow is emitted.
How ATP and Nadph are synthesized in chloroplasts?
Photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria produces both ATP and NADPH directly by a two-step process called noncyclic photophosphorylation. Because two photosystems—called photosystems I and II—are used in series to energize an electron, the electron can be transferred all the way from water to NADPH.
What is a phosphate transfer?
In a phosphate transfer reaction, a phosphate group is transferred from a phosphate group donor molecule to a phosphate group acceptor molecule. The most important donor of phosphate groups in the cell is a molecule called adenosine triphosphate, commonly known by its abbreviation ATP.
How is energy transferred and transformed during the photosynthetic process?
During the process of photosynthesis, light penetrates the cell and passes into the chloroplast. The light energy is intercepted by chlorophyll molecules on the granal stacks. Some of the light energy is converted to chemical energy. During this process, a phosphate is added to a molecule to cause the formation of ATP.
What organelle transfers the energy stored in organic compounds to molecules of ATP?
The correct answer is (a) mitochondria. Mitochondria are organelles that carry out cellular respiration, a metabolic process that breaks down organic…
How is the energy from the sun transported within chloroplasts?
How is the energy from the sun transported within chloroplasts? When photons strike photosystem (PS) II, pigments pass the light energy to chlorophyll a molecules that excite an electron, which is then passed to the electron transport chain.
How is ATP produced during photosynthesis?
Protons diffuse out of the thylakoid lumen through the enzyme, ATP synthase, producing ATP in the process. Once the electron reaches PSI, it joins its chlorophyll a special pair and re-excited by the absorption of light.
How ATP and Nadph are formed during photosynthesis?
This is accomplished by the use of two different photosystems in the light reactions of photosynthesis, one to generate ATP and the other to generate NADPH. Electrons are transferred sequentially between the two photosystems, with photosystem I acting to generate NADPH and photosystem II acting to generate ATP.
How is ADP converted to ATP?
ADP is converted to ATP for the storing of energy by the addition of a high-energy phosphate group. The conversion takes place in the substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, known as the cytoplasm, or in special energy-producing structures called mitochondria.
How energy is transferred from ATP?
When one phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond in a process called hydrolysis, energy is released, and ATP is converted to adenosine diphosphate (ADP). This free energy can be transferred to other molecules to make unfavorable reactions in a cell favorable.
What is the transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound called?
ATP is able to power cellular processes by transferring a phosphate group to another molecule (a process called phosphorylation). This transfer is carried out by special enzymes that couple the release of energy from ATP to cellular activities that require energy.
